Monday, July 29, 2013
IT guide and review for Onkyo HT-S3500 5.1-Channel Home Theater Speaker/Receiver Package
Tuesday, March 5, 2013
The 8 Parts of a Business Plan Equal One Big Success
How ever you count them up, the basic parts of a business plan are pretty similar from plan to plan. Here they are.
1. COVER
Event Planning
Is the cover of the business plan really part of it? Good grief, guys.
The 8 Parts of a Business Plan Equal One Big Success
Yes, it is. Just as the cover of any magazine is part of it. Or the cover of any annual report. It is absolutely true that the same chocolate eclair can be inside a plain box, but I will pick the box that says "Scrumptious, made just for you, utterly delicious French chocolate eclair."
2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This is the one page masterpiece that tugs at the reader's interest. Include important contact information, as well as the nature of the loan/investment.
3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Most people would not consider this a real part of a business plan, but it is. Without it, the plan looks very amateurish.
4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY ITSELF
There is a bunch of factual information that needs to be included, such as
When was it formed?
What kind of company is it?
If it is a corporation, how many shares are issued? To whom?
If it is a partnership, who is involved?
Who formed the company?
If you are not the founder, how did it come to be yours?
Who is presently involved? What is the nature of their involvement?
There is also a good dollop of information that is not really "factual", but it does need to be included. That is The Story of the Company. Why was it founded? What are the dreams of the owners for this company? Why do the owners want to devote their lives to this business rather than to any other business in the world?
It is The Story that will grab the lender. Lenders see facts and figures all day long. Rarely do they hear a compelling story. Make yours good. Make it real.
5. INFORMATION ON THE INDUSTRY
Here is where a good statistical source is worth its weight in gold.
Show how the industry is growing. Show how your company fits into the industry. Include charts to visually show strength of industry. Include demographic information.
Bankers and lenders like figures and statistics. It is easy for them to compare and analyze. It is a whole lot harder to analyze your character.
So give them solid figures. They will see these stats whether you include them or not. They have got their own sources. So include them. And show them off in a manner that benefits you.
6. BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION ON PRINCIPALS
While venture capital companies consider the strength of the management team the most important component of the business, this section by itself is not necessarily the most important. They will see the strength of the team in the Industry Information, the Marketing Plan and the Financial Summaries. This section is to give them a notion of who they are talking with.
Most business plan writers tell you to write a paragraph on each officer. I do not. I tell you to write a page on each principal. That page is not a bio. It is a summary of accomplishments. If you have not got a page of accomplishments, maybe you have got the wrong management team.
7. MARKETING PLAN
So what makes you think you can promote this idea or product or service? How will you go about it? What will it cost? What are other doing, and how can you compete with them?
If you have a history of successes, this is the place to shout about them.
8. FINANCIAL DOCUMENTS
For existing companies, the rule of thumb is that you summarize by year the past 5 - 10 years, depending on your industry. Then project as for new companies. For new companies, project quarterly for the first year or two, then annually until the loan is comfortably paid back, or the investment has made a profit.
The more you can put into charts for easy reference, the better.
Then make it unique. All the parts of a business plan need to look sharp, be concise, and provide all pertinent information. Putting all of that together in a convincing presentation is what separates one business plan from another.
The 8 Parts of a Business Plan Equal One Big Success
MaryAnn Shank, founder and President of Business Plan Master has helped literally thousands of businesses get business financing, from SBA loans to venture capital to angel investors and corporate financing. Her approach to business plans is to provide a solid foundation, with a soupcon of sass.
Monday, February 25, 2013
What is Strategic Financial Management?
Strategic financial management is basically about the identification of the possible strategies capable of maximizing an organization's market value. It involves the allocation of scarce capital resources among competing opportunities. It also encompasses the implementation and monitoring of the chosen strategy so as to achieve agreed objectives.
The key decisions falling within the scope of financial strategy include the following:
Event Planning
1. Financial decisions - this deals with the mode of financing or mix of equity capital and debt capital. If it is possible to alter the total value of the company by alteration in the capital structure of the company, then an optimal financial mix would exist - where the market value of the company is maximized.
What is Strategic Financial Management?
2. Investment decision - this involves the profitable utilization of firm's funds especially in long-term projects (capital projects). Because the future benefits associated with such projects are not known with certainty, investment decisions necessarily involve risk. The projects are therefore evaluated in relation to their expected return and risk. For these are the factors that ultimately determine the market value of the company. To maximize the market value of the company, the financial manager will be interested in those projects with maximum returns and minimum risk. An understanding of cost of capital, capital structure and portfolio theory is a prerequisite here.
3. Dividend decision - dividend decision determines the division of earnings between payments to shareholders and reinvestment in the company. Retained earnings are one of the most significant sources of funds for financing corporate growth, dividends constitute the cash flows that accrue to shareholders. Although both growth and dividends are desirable, these goals are in conflict with each other. A higher dividend rate means rate means less retained earnings and consequently slower rate of growth in future earnings and share prices. The finance manager must provide reasonable answer to this conflict.
It should be noted that the theory of corporate finance is based on the assumption that the objective of management is to maximize the market value of the company. More specifically, it is settled in finance that the main objective of a company should be to maximize wealth of its ordinary shareholders.
What is Strategic Financial Management?
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Sunday, February 17, 2013
Lao Tzu - "Give a Man a Fish, Feed Him For a Day. Teach a Man to Fish, Feed Him For a Lifetime"
Back in ancient Chinese times, sometime between the 4th and 6th century BC, Lao Tzu was the founder of taoism, the mystical 'way' or 'path' that many have followed since.
And with him came the many sayings for which he is renowned.
Event Planning
One of the best known is the one quoted above, "Give a man a fish; feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish; feed him for a lifetime", which has a wonderful analogy with the modern world of management today.
Lao Tzu - "Give a Man a Fish, Feed Him For a Day. Teach a Man to Fish, Feed Him For a Lifetime"
The metaphor of feeding someone and that sufficing to get them through one day, and one day alone shows that people can only be helped so far. If we help them and do things for them all the time, then they rely on us, which is not only unhealthy for their development of skills, but also potentially dangerous, if we are not there to help them one day, their very future is at risk.
The principle whereby we rely totally on the support, guidance and even nurturing of someone else, for too long a period, is typical of many modern management environments. The old-style 'command and control' management processes lead to employees only being required or even able to do what they were told, which puts great pressure on those doing the telling.
Not only that, but where employees are not provided with stimulating work and aren't asked to challenge themselves mentally, this often leads to demotivation and then higher absence rates, as well as employee turnover that such boredom precipitates.
Lack of stimulation=boredom=frustration=leave to find something else.
Let's look at the flip side, where we 'teach a man to fish'. Not only does the man become self-sufficient and be able to survive without being provided for, but he has a sense of achievement and fulfillment. How good does an angler feel as he pulls a fish from the water?
Much better than when one is placed generously in front of him, merely to eat. Sure it may be good, for a while, to be provided for, but human psyche is bigger than that in a healthy human being. People need to be valued for who they are.
So - we 'teach them to fish'. In the workplace, by teaching out people new skills, we validate them for who they are and the contribution they are able to make. They know they are useful and valued and with this confidence they do more. They learn that to stretch themselves is good. That they have within themselves untapped resources which show off the potential they have always had, now released.
Indeed 'teaching them to fish' realizes not just the material potential they have, but catalyses even bigger capabilities in them. Their development muscle has been stretched and exercised, so it becomes bigger and more capable.
The business upside for 'teaching our people to fish'? Well, managers are able to offload some of their tactical workload to others who relish the opportunity. This frees managers to do more with more of their people.
A workplace environment that becomes the breeding ground for capable, committed and excited employees, straining at the leash to do more. Managers enable their business to become a developmental mixing bowl of ideas and capability like nothing before.
In a business world where the embodiment of excellent management is an operation that works at least as well (and sometimes better!), when the manager is absent is to be acknowledged as the purest quality.
And with that level of capability developed, all because the manager taught his people 'how to fish', business thrives.
How Lao Tzu would smile if he saw how his little saying was as important, in the hurly-burly of the business world today, as it was all those years ago!
Lao Tzu - "Give a Man a Fish, Feed Him For a Day. Teach a Man to Fish, Feed Him For a Lifetime"
(c) 2008 Martin Haworth is the author of Super Successful Manager!, an easy to use, step-by-step weekly development program for managers of EVERY skill level. You can get a sample lesson for free at http://www.SuperSuccessfulManager.com
Saturday, February 9, 2013
Planning and Plumbing a New Bathroom Installation
Bathroom refurbishments, if carefully planned and budgeted, can be one of the most rewarding and satisfying DIY projects to undertake and deliver into a home. A tired, damaged or dated bathroom is like an irritating eyesore: it's a problem that constantly stares you in the face and it just gets worse each time you go there.
Upgrading a bathroom suite or separate cloakroom and toilet does not have to cost a fortune, or commit you to unaffordable credit. I can't emphasise enough, when undertaking such a project, keep your investment within budget and don't be tempted by state of the art mod cons on display in bathroom centre showrooms, and builders' or plumbers' merchants' displays.
Event Planning
The more you plan, the less chance of the project going down the pan!
Planning and Plumbing a New Bathroom Installation
Systematically write down a list of priority bathroom fittings and replacements, and then undertake your own research into what is available and where you can source it for the best possible price.
Choosing a New Bathroom Suite
Online research can source both local builders' merchants and DIY suppliers as well as the nearest plumbers' merchant's depot, or a specialist supplier from further afield.
Pre-set a total budget ceiling to purchase and install your new bathroom suite, and be sure to itemise each item you wish to secure be it a close-coupled toilet and cistern, pedestal and hand basin, bath, shower screen, shower head and riser support, and water and waste piping.
Look online at suppliers' websites and systematically check out their prices and delivery costs, and individual product specifications. Be sure to check product sizes, especially in areas of limited floor space like a bathroom, cloakroom, or bedroom en-suite. It is no use buying products from different suppliers if they won't easily fit in the floor layout you are planning.
Research is the key to keeping within budget and not getting tempted or carried away with expensive, state of the art bathroom designs.
Design Styles
With so many contemporary and classical bathroom designs to choose from, and so many architectural features to consider in homes today - it is to keep an open mind and conduct as much research online as you feel is necessary to get the best designs and the best value for money offers in the marketplace. Visit show rooms to get an idea of how things might look and paint a visual picture of the future of your bathroom. Don't get carried away, remember, you'll have limited room.
There are literally hundreds of traditional or contemporary designs to choose from and the decision will be a subjective one as it is your property you are upgrading.
Prioritise Requirements
Is it to be a plastic or steel bath you require? Or possibly a free-standing, Victorian roll-top design with clawed feet? Are you simply looking to replace an old, coloured, plastic bath with a new plain white design plus taps, washers, waste, and side and end panels? Is your project a major refurbishment job where an old bathroom suite and pipes need to be removed and replaced with a stunning new classical design?
Do you intend investing in an eco-friendly, contemporary suite with water flow controls to reduce excessive consumption? This is something worth considering if you are on a water meter or have a large family. These modern flow controls can reduce water consumption by up to 80% leading to health savings on your utility bills.
Discipline and tight budget controls are key to making the right decisions, as well as taking professional advice from any trade experts in your local showrooms.
Planning Your New Bathroom
It is extremely wise to draw out a new floor plan and immediately mark out your total floor space, entry door, waste exit point, hand basin, toilet, bidet, bath and shower positions, together with areas of travel for people to get in and out freely.
You also need to consider if an extractor fan is necessary. It can be essential if you plan to address the problem of condensation, especially in winter. It can be fitted into an outside wall or window, or with conduit tunnelling into an attic and across to an outside wall.
Electrics
Did you know it is illegal to install any electric wall sockets or plug socket systems into a bathroom, except a modern shaver socket and cover? Only ceiling light pull cords can be installed within the bathroom. Ceiling light wall switches can be installed outside the bathroom entry door on an adjacent wall in the hallway or first floor landing area. All electric fittings must conform with current I. E. E. wiring regulations and building regulations. If unsure, consult and commission a qualified electrician to advise you on re-wiring or planning any bathroom wiring requirements. Always get at least 2 quotations if you intend asking an electrician to complete the rewiring project, or test the existing electricity circuits before planning your extractor fan, or entertainment, lighting and electrical installations.
En-Suite Facilities
Not only might you be considering upgrading a bathroom or cloakroom, but you may also be planning to convert a small bedroom or box room into a new en-suite facility as the children grow up.
Again, careful consideration about budgets, designs and layout plans - (including drawings with standing areas clearly marked) - are the maxims to achieving success. Purchase of fixtures and fittings should not be undertaken before all your plans have been meticulously drawn, tested and approved by all the family.
Disposing of waste from an en-suite toilet, shower, bath or hand basin to the property's soil stack may not always be possible without installing a Macerator pump. Even if your new en-suite facilities are being installed on the opposite side if the house to an existing soil stack, it will be possible to complete the installation by adding a Macerator pump and 32mm waste exit pipes.
Removal of an Old Bathroom or Cloakroom Fittings
Listing the sequence of events - together with their estimated timings - is a very wise part of your bathroom conversion plans. Getting things done in the right order can make all the difference. Here is an example list to consider:
1. Fit stop cocks to pipes from cold water storage tank and hot water cylinder supply.
2. Turn off water supplies. Flush toilet. Turn on all old taps and drain off all water in existing pipes.
3. Remove old bath, toilet, hand basin, pedestal and toilet, including cistern and waste pipes. Be sure you have assistance, especially if removing a heavy steel bath. Ensure you have the appropriate tools like wrenches, power drill and driver, hacksaw and pipe cutters.
4. Start by removing the toilet and cistern tank. Disconnect the cistern downpipe to the pan first by unscrewing the nut beneath the cistern and then unscrewing the connection at the pan end. Remove any wall screws and disconnect the cistern. Then remove the pan floor screws and lift the pan from its flooring position.
5. When removing the pan, be careful not to damage its soil pipe. Cover the soil pipe exit with a cloth to prevent any debris from getting into the soil pipe.
6. Check for any damage or repairs needed in the floor boards or wall plaster after removing the cistern and toilet.
7. Continue by removing the pedestal and hand basin, by disconnecting taps and unscrewing all wall brackets to lift the basin and pedestal. Again check for any subsequent repairs to the wall or floor.
8. Remove Bath: Take out any side or end panels. Disconnect hot and cold taps using a wrench. Disconnect waste pipe and water supply pipes. Lift bath with help from an assistant. Manipulate bath out of the bathroom and remove from the building. Check for any damage to existing walls, plaster or floor boards.
9. Now plan the positioning of new water supply pipes and any waste pipes' exit routes to the soil stack.
10. Remove any remaining old fixtures and fittings like towel rails, toilet roll holders, bathroom cabinets, mirrors etc. Repair any screw holes in the walls using the appropriate plaster filler.
11. Have any old electric wiring or ceiling lights tested and take advice on their replacement, using a qualified electrician.
TRADE TIP: Do not remove any old fittings before you have purchased all the new replacement bathroom fittings and double check they are the correct size; come complete with all taps, washers, screws, waste pipes and supports; are neither chipped, cracked or damaged in any way whatsoever; and you have a reliable assistant to help with any lifting and removal of old fittings, and the installation of your new bathroom suite.
NOTE: Removal of lead pipes can earn you a few quid at the local scrap yard, and advertising old bathroom suites on a local RECYCLE/GREEN website can find a grateful new owner rather than dumping your old fittings into a local Council landfill tip.
Installing New Bathroom Fittings
Read all the manufacturers' fitting instructions carefully, first and don't start any new installations before you have checked through each component box, and double-checked that all the fittings and screws/piping pieces are included.
TOILET:
1. Connect the special plastic and rubber pan connector to the exit soil pipe, having first removed the soil pipe's temporary debris rag cover.
2. Then screw the pan into your bathroom floor using the manufacturer's screws supplied, together with their plastic head covers. Ensure it is positioned at the correct level using a spirit level.
3. Position the close-coupled cistern tank above and connect the water supply, plus water supply to the pan and the overflow pipe to its exit pipe.
Always fit an isolating valve to the new water supply pipes for simplifying any maintenance in future.
Bath and Hand Basin
1. Always check all components are complete in both product packages, including waste outlet pipes. Follow the manufacturer's fitting instructions to the letter.
2. Fit washers, taps, overflows and waste pipes first, before installing the bath and wash basin and pedestal in position.
3. Water supplies to the hand basin are from 15mm copper pipes and 22mm copper pipes for the bath.
4. Waste water from the hand basin will run away into its soil pipe through either a U-trap or bottle trap beneath the basin and it's new, 32mm plastic pipework.
5. Waste water from the bath will run into its soil pipe through new, 40mm push-fit, plastic piping.
6. Use the bath's two steel floor supports and adjustable feet beneath its design to create the water outflow along a suitable downfall by applying a spirit level. Don't guess this critical water downfall.
7. Fitting new servicing stop valves in the water supply pipes is a prudent move during these upgrade installations.
8. Fit both the new bath side and end panel as per the manufacturer's instructions using the screws provided.
Tiling and Decorative Finishes
Always be sure you are using waterproof wall tile adhesive and grouting when tiling around hand basins, baths, shower enclosures and wet rooms. Use professional plastic spacers when mounting each wall tile. Follow manufacturers' fixing and grouting instructions to the letter and you will then achieve a professional finish.
Do not affix wall tiles to a new bathroom floor. Ceramic or cork floor tiles, or a vinyl floor covering can be fitted to achieve an attractive finish to your bathroom everyone will admire.
Wall and floor tiles today come in a multitude of designs and surface finishes from slate, to earthenware or a high glaze finish, and in plain or patterned colour ways. Again, classical or contemporary designs are available to complement your new bathroom suite or cloakroom.
Be sure to invest in a tile cutter to fit all the tiles in any tight spaces, or around a bath or hand basin, or door frame.
Sealants
Before the new bathroom installation can be classed as waterproof and complete, you must seal any gaps between the bath and basin, and any adjacent wall tiles. Flexible, waterproof silicon sealants are essential to prevent any water dripping and damaging the grouting and plasterwork beneath your new bathroom or cloakroom walls and floors.
Furniture and Fittings
Embellishing your attractive new bathroom or shower room with furniture, mirrors or accessories will give it that ultimate finish, and provide storage for people's personal effects like towelling, shampoos, shower gels, hair sprays, deodorants and shaver systems. In addition, it's those little extras like toilet roll holders, glass shelving and artefacts that make it a statement worth delivering.
TRADE TIP: If using a power drill to make a screw hole into a glazed wall tile, place a criss-cross strip of masking tape onto the tile first and then mark the exact drill spot. Switch the drill to a slower speed and apply moderate pressure when starting to drill into the surface. This will prevent a sudden slip and damage to your tile surface. Withdraw the drill and increase the speed to achieve the finished depth required.
Affix all bathroom furniture and fittings only with the manufacturers' screws and wall plugs provided.
Congratulations - you now have a beautiful new bathroom everyone in the household is proud to use.
Planning and Plumbing a New Bathroom Installation
David writes on behalf of Anglia Tool Centre, a leading stockist and supplier of power tools within the UK. Supplying advice, guidance and DIY equipment to home owners, professionals and DIY enthusiasts.
Wednesday, February 6, 2013
Leadership and Strategic Planning -- They're Inseparable
I find it interesting, and a little amusing, to ask employees why they come to work. I usually hear of a paycheck or the threat of getting fired, so I rephrase my question to ask what they do to further the company's mission and goals. Mostly, I get blank stares. However, when I repeat this exercise with organizational leaders, and get the same sort of response, it quickly loses its humor.
I am amazed and appalled at how many leaders do not understand the importance of a good plan, and how essential it is to make sure their subordinates know the plan and understand their part in it. When I took leadership of an inventory management function that served an aviation operation, I received answers to my questions that emphasized the requirement to keep the warehouse stocked and make sure data processing was accurate and timely. These were internal concerns that while important, had little to do with the actual mission and helped to explain why the leaders in the aviation operation expressed concern to me that my section was not very friendly to their needs. I sat down with my subordinate leaders to develop a strategic plan. We carefully reviewed our mission -- without the aviation operation we supported we'd have no mission -- developed a mission statement, and set goals that focused us on supporting that mission. The change was dramatic. Relations with our primary customer improved as our new focus helped them better meet their mission.
Event Planning
So, what's a good plan? There are numerous examples of strategic plans available but there are a few things that must be included in a successful plan.
Leadership and Strategic Planning -- They're Inseparable
1. Vision and mission. The senior leader is responsible to ensure everyone knows his or her vision and the organization's mission. Be brutally honest. If your mission is to make money producing widgets, say so. Companies that have tried to emphasize their community involvement or environmental concerns have found that, while important, these things are not what pay the bills.
2. Make sure everyone knows the company's values. This is vital. Most people have similar values but it's important to ensure everyone in the company knows what leadership expects. In 1982, corporate values allowed Johnson & Johnson to react quickly to the fatal poisoning of Tylenol consumers. Though it was determined the tainted Tylenol was a criminal action by someone unrelated to the company, Johnson & Johnson recalled the product and introduced new packaging to prevent recurrence. That response cost millions, and may have saved the company.
3. Take a serious look at the things that are in your way. Put them in three categories. First, things you control. Fix those things! Fast! Second are issues that are causing problems but you may only partially control. Do everything you can to fix these issues, then move them to the third category; things you can't control. You can't fix these things so make sure your leadership team is aware of them and do your best to shield your workers. Don't forget them though. In time, you may be able to move some of them to the first category and fix them.
4. Create goals and objectives that are realistic. Goals are distinct actions that focus your leadership team on improving your business. Fight the temptation to define goals that merely address what's already being done. Look into the future. What do you need to do to position your business for future success? Each goal should have two or three objectives. These are the actual steps that will ensure the goal is accomplished. Goals and objectives must be realistic, reasonable, and measurable. That doesn't mean you have to create a bunch of graphs and charts. Sometimes that's necessary, but not always. Yes or no is a measurement, and maybe all that's required. Make a specific person accountable for each goal and objective with a specific deadline or there will never be completion.
The next step is where leadership and planning come together. Leaders must communicate the plan to the rest of the organization. Each individual must have at least a rudimentary understanding of the plan and, most importantly, know how they support the plan's mission and goals. I've seen organizations with detailed strategic plans that are not communicated well. The plans might as well not exist as the leaders have failed in their responsibility to make sure their subordinates know why they are important to the overall mission. Often they don't even know the mission. How do leaders expect their subordinates to implement a plan they aren't familiar with? How will leaders excel if they don't completely understand the plan?
Leadership can happen with or without a plan, but great leadership requires a plan.
Leadership and Strategic Planning -- They're Inseparable
Bob Mason is a speaker, trainer, facilitator and president of RLM Planning and Leadership, a consulting firm dedicated to helping businesses meld smart strategic planning with leadership excellence. To learn more visit http://www.planleadexcel.com and download the first chapter of his book, Planning to Excel, Strategic Planning that Works, due to be released this spring.
Sunday, February 3, 2013
Ancient Egyptian Pottery and History
The Egyptians created pottery beginning from primordial times. Even before the construction of pyramids, they were engaged in the making of pottery. The study of pottery sheds tremendous light on the pre dynastic era of ancient Egypt. Ancient Egyptians used pottery in the same manner we use plastic containers today. The studies of pottery material, expertise, and types have been a great supply of information for archaeologists to date sites in the absence of other sources of data. Early Egyptologists like Flinders Petrie used pot shards to discover chronological dates for pre dynastic eras. Pottery is also used to assist the study of trade and regional development in old Egypt.
Egypt in the pre dynastic period produced pottery of very high quality. During the Badarian period the potter's wheel was not used and typically ladies prepared it. The upper segment was adorned in a radiant black color and the lower segment in deep red. The pottery was made by firing in open bone fires or archaic furnaces. From 40000 to 3000 BC. i.e. until the Dynastic era from the Naqada era, pottery was decorated with depictions of animals, humans, boats and various other patterns and symbols. It was during this period, that perhaps some of the greatest pottery was developed.
The potter's wheel was not invented in Egypt until the Old Kingdom. It was only during this era that the potter's wheel made its first appearance and started to be used for commercial purposes. The wheel was very simple, like a turn table in the beginning, but latter it advanced into a true potter's wheel. The wheel was at first turned by hand, and later the kick wheel variety developed during the Ptolemaic epoch. At this time, there was an increase in the quantity of pottery produced. However the introduction of the potter's wheel did not wipe out absolutely all the traditional forms of making pottery. For example, bread moulds were still often handmade
Ancient Egyptian Pottery and History
Egyptian pottery can be classified into two broad divisions depending upon the type of clay used in the manufacturing. It is an international classification system known as The Vienna System.
1. Pottery manufactured from Nile clay. It is also known as Nile silt ware. When it is fired it gets covered up with a red-brown color. Sometimes the pottery was decorated or painted in blue. It was mostly used for common everyday purposes. It was not used for decoration although during the New Kingdom, blue painted pottery appeared.
2. Pottery made from marl clay. It was made from material found in the region of Quena in Upper Egypt. This pottery was superior to the Nile silt ware. It was sometimes polished leaving a lustrous surface. It was used for decorative purposes as well as for other functions. However, the actual glazed pottery appeared only during roman times.
One can further make a classification of Egyptian pottery with the examination of additives in the basic fabric of the pottery, as well as an analysis of the natural impurities present in the clay.
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